What is aerobic and anaerobic exercise?

Aerobic and anaerobic exercise are two different types of physical activities that affect the body's energy systems differently:

Aerobic exercise: Aerobic means "with oxygen." Aerobic exercises are activities that involve continuous rhythmic movements of large muscle groups for an extended period. During aerobic exercise, the body's energy demand can be met by the oxygen available. This type of exercise primarily uses the aerobic energy system, which relies on oxygen to produce energy. Examples of aerobic exercises include running, swimming, cycling, and brisk walking. Aerobic exercise helps improve cardiovascular fitness, endurance, and overall health.

Anaerobic exercise: Anaerobic means "without oxygen." Anaerobic exercises are intense, short-duration activities that cannot be sustained for a long time due to the body's inability to supply enough oxygen to meet the energy demand. Anaerobic exercise primarily uses the anaerobic energy systems, such as the ATP-PC (adenosine triphosphate-phosphocreatine) system and the lactic acid system. These energy systems provide energy for quick bursts of high-intensity efforts. Examples of anaerobic exercises include weightlifting, sprinting, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and plyometric exercises. Anaerobic exercise helps improve power, speed, strength, and muscle development.

It's important to note that many physical activities can involve both aerobic and anaerobic components. For example, a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session may combine short bursts of intense exercise (anaerobic) with active recovery periods (aerobic). The specific benefits and adaptations of aerobic and anaerobic exercise can vary, so it's beneficial to incorporate both types of activities into a well-rounded fitness routine.